I am a German scholar of MIDDLE EASTERN STUDIES focusing on the intellectual and political history of the Middle East and its relation to the West, in particular:
- Europe and the Islamic World
- The Future of Liberty in the Middle East
- Ideas of Enlightenment
- The Rule of Law in the Middle East and the West
- Shared History in the Eastern Mediterranean
- European and Middle Eastern Misapprehensions of the U.S.
- Ideology in the Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies.
My new book deals with HUMANISM in the MODERN ARAB WORLD: How Arab reformers in the modern era developed ideas of enlightenment and a new perception of Europe and the Greek antiquity. Click on the cover to learn more (German).


















